Table 4 Trends of preventive drugs prescribed in outpatients with migraine between 2018 and 2022

Total preventative drugs

3993

4500

3628

4688

4415

21,224

0.807

–

CCB

2160 (54.09)

2380 (52.89)

1910 (52.65)

2402 (51.24)

2098 (47.52)

10,950 (51.59)

1.000

<  0.001

 Flunarizine

2121 (53.12)

2380 (52.89)

1910 (52.65)

2402 (51.24)

2098 (47.52)

10,911 (51.41)

1.000

<  0.001

Antidepressants

849 (21.26)

997 (22.16)

686 (18.91)

1025 (21.86)

813 (18.41)

4370 (20.59)

1.000

0.002

 Flupentixol/melitracen

329 (8.24)

416 (9.24)

251 (6.92)

360 (7.68)

243 (5.50)

1599 (7.53)

0.462

<  0.001

 Amitriptyline

123 (3.08)

110 (2.44)

88 (2.43)

182 (3.88)

124 (2.81)

627 (2.95)

0.807

0.214

 Escitalopram

78 (1.95)

125 (2.78)

77 (2.12)

136 (2.90)

81 (1.83)

497 (2.34)

0.807

0.819

 Duloxetine

82 (2.05)

90 (2.00)

66 (1.82)

98 (2.09)

95 (2.15)

431 (2.03)

0.462

0.655

Anticonvulsants

530 (13.27)

585 (13.00)

599 (16.51)

764 (16.30)

879 (19.91)

3357 (15.82)

0.028

<  0.001

 Topiramate

250 (6.26)

315 (7.00)

377 (10.39)

476 (10.15)

563 (12.75)

1981 (9.33)

0.028

<  0.001

 Valproate

201 (5.03)

212 (4.71)

166 (4.58)

214 (4.56)

221 (5.01)

1014 (4.78)

0.221

0.869

CCMs

157 (3.93)

193 (4.29)

160 (4.41)

191 (4.07)

277 (6.27)

978 (4.61)

0.221

<  0.001

 Gabapentin

119 (2.98)

154 (3.42)

100 (2.76)

111 (2.37)

124 (2.81)

608 (2.86)

1.000

0.070

 Pregabalin

38 (0.95)

39 (0.87)

60 (1.65)

80 (1.71)

153 (3.47)

370 (1.74)

0.028

<  0.001

Beta blockers

282 (7.06)

327 (7.27)

243 (6.70)

290 (6.19)

324 (7.34)

1466 (6.91)

0.807

0.643

 Metoprolol

158 (3.96)

214 (4.76)

136 (3.75)

176 (3.75)

196 (4.44)

880 (4.15)

0.807

0.908

 Propranolol

73 (1.83)

68 (1.51)

60 (1.65)

56 (1.19)

58 (1.31)

315 (1.48)

0.086

0.022

Other agents

23 (0.58)

18 (0.40)

30 (0.83)

16 (0.34)

24 (0.54)

103 (0.49)

1.000

0.718