Fig. 4
From: Tryptophan metabolites and gut microbiota play an important role in pediatric migraine diagnosis
Tryptophan metabolites plasma levels in different subgroups of migraine and healthy children. Comparison of plasma levels of serotonin (5-HT), the ratio of kynurenic acid to kynurenine (KYNA/KYN), quinolinic acid to kynurenine (QUIN/KYN), kynurenic acid to quinolinic acid (KYNA/QUIN) in the migraine and healthy groups was used with Mann–Whitney test. Comparison of plasma levels of kynurenic acid (KYNA) and quinolinic acid (QUIN) was used with t test (A-F). Comparison of plasma levels of serotonin (5-HT), kynurenic acid (KYNA), quinolinic acid (QUIN) and the ratio of kynurenic acid to kynurenine (KYNA/KYN), quinolinic acid to kynurenine (QUIN/KYN), kynurenic acid to quinolinic acid (KYNA/QUIN) in healthy groups, MWA (migraine with aura), and MWoA (migraine without aura) was used Welch ANOVA test (G-L). Comparison of plasma levels of serotonin (5-HT), kynurenic acid (KYNA), quinolinic acid (QUIN) and the ratio of kynurenic acid to kynurenine (KYNA/KYN), quinolinic acid to kynurenine (QUIN/KYN), and kynurenic acid to quinolinic acid (KYNA/QUIN) in healthy groups and ictal and interictal groups was used Welch ANOVA test (M-R)