Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients and controls

Age^a, mean (SD), years

38.0 (14.3)

43.1 (12.2)

35.0 (17.0)

1.000

1.000

0.867

STAI^a, mean (SD)

 State

 Trait

36.2 (7.8)

33.9 (6.5)

36.6 (5.1)

39.4 (6.4)

47.3 (12.8)

44.6 (12.1)

1.000

0.515

0.066

0.053

0.083

0.722

BDI-II^a, mean (SD)

2.2 (2.2)

10.1 (8.6)

15.7 (11.1)

0.099

0.003

0.495

SF-36^a, mean (SD)

 Physical functioning

 Role physical

 Role emotional

 Vitality

 General mental health

 Social functioning

 Bodily pain

 General health

 Health change

81.7 (25.9)

90.2 (38.9)

96.7 (10.0)

68.5 (18.2)

52.8 (31.2)

79.8 (21.0)

80.3 (23.4)

65.0 (21.0)

52.5 (17.5)

88.8 (9.5)

56.3 (54.7)

91.7 (15.4)

55.6 (19.4)

41.5 (19.4)

64.1 (26.3)

56.3 (20.1)

52.5 (16.5)

34.4 (18.6)

74.3 (16.7)

32.1 (23.8)

61.9 (40.5)

51.4 (12.8)

61.7 (16.8)

73.2 (19.7)

46.4 (17.3)

50.7 (24.2)

57.1 (12.2)

1.000

0.274

1.000

0.371

1.000

0.433

0.064

0.618

0.085

1.000

0.024

0.016

0.160

1.000

1.000

0.008

0.499

1.000

0.514

0.818

0.064

1.000

0.383

1.000

1.000

1.000

0.044

PSS^a, mean (SD)

14.5 (4.7)

20.1 (10.0)

22.0 (14.2)

0.675

0.369

1.000