Table 3Â Risk of ischemic stroke in subjects with migraine according to use of hormonal contraceptives
Study | Population | Comparison | Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | Adjustment factors |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Any migraine | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Collaborative Group, 1975 [33] | Women with stroke, hospital controls | Women with migraine and HC use vs non-migraineurs, non-HC users | 4.6 (2.2–9.6)* | Age |
|  | Women with stroke, neighbor controls | Women with migraine and HC use vs non-migraineurs, non-HC users | 4.6 (2.2–9.6)* | Age |
 Lidegaard 1995 [36] | Women with ischemic stroke, controls | Smokers, HC users, and migraineurs vs non-smokers, non-HC users, and non-migraineurs | 3.3 (P < 0.01) | HC, diabetes, arterial hypertension, other diseases |
 Tzourio, 1995 [18] | Women with stroke, controls | Women with migraine and HC use vs non-migraineurs, non-HC users | 13.9 (5.5–35.1) | Not reported |
 Schwartz, 1998 [34] | Women with migraine | HC users vs non-HC users | 2.1 (1.2–3.7) | Age, smoking, body mass index |
 Chang, 1999 [11] | Women with stroke, controls | Women with migraine and HC use vs non-migraineurs, non-HC users | 16.9 (2.7–106) | Hypertension, education, smoking, family history of migraine, alcohol use, social class |
|  | Women with stroke, controls | Women with migraine, smoke, and HC use vs non-migraineurs, non-smokers, and non-HC users | 34.4 (3.3–361) | Not reported |
 Milhaud, 2001 [38] | Women with ischemic stroke | Women with migraine and HC use vs non-migraineurs, non-HC users | 2.7 (1.2–6.0) | Not reported |
Migraine with aura | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 MacClellan, 2007 [17] | Women with migraine with aura | Smokers and HC users vs non-smokers and non-HC users | 7.0 (1.4–22.8) | Age, race, geographic region, study period |
|  | Women with stroke, controls | Women with migraine with aura, smokers, and HC users, vs non-migraineurs, non-smokers, and non-HC users | 10.0 (1.4–73.7) | Age, race, geographic region, study period |
 Champaloux, 2017 [10] | Women with stroke, controls | Women with migraine with aura and HC users vs non-migraineurs and HC users | 6.1 (3.1–12.1) | Hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking, ischemic heart disease, valvular heart disease |
|  | Women with stroke, controls | Women with migraine with aura and non-HC users vs non-migraineurs and non-HC users | 2.7 (1.9–3.7) | Hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking, ischemic heart disease, valvular heart disease |
Migraine without aura | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Champaloux, 2017 [10] | Women with stroke, controls | Women with migraine without aura and HC users vs non-migraineurs and HC users | 1.8 (1.1–2.9) | Hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking, ischemic heart disease, valvular heart disease |
|  | Women with stroke, controls | Women with migraine without aura and non-HC users vs non-migraineurs and non-HC users | 2.2 (1.9–2.7) | Hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking, ischemic heart disease, valvular heart disease |